Managing Invasive Species in National Parks: Protecting America's Natural Heritage

Feral Pigs ~ NPS

Invasive species are non-native plants, animals, or pathogens that cause harm to the environment, economy, or human health. Their presence in national parks threatens native biodiversity, disrupting ecosystems and outcompeting indigenous species. The National Park Service (NPS) actively works to manage and remove these invasive species to preserve the natural integrity of these protected areas.

Common Invasive Species in National Parks

1. Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis): The emerald ash borer is a bright green beetle that feeds on ash trees. Since 2002, it has been responsible for killing tens of millions of Ash trees.
2. Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare): From Africa, it creates dense stands that displace native plants and increase wildfire intensity.
3. Feral pigs: These animals root through soil, damaging vegetation and competing with native wildlife for food.

Why the NPS Works to Remove Invasive Species

The primary goal of the NPS in removing invasive species is to protect native ecosystems and biodiversity. Invasive species can drastically alter habitats, reduce native species populations, and change fire regimes. For instance, invasive plants like Stinknet not only outcompete native flora but also increase the risk of wildfires, which can further devastate the ecosystem.

Controversial Efforts: The Battle Against Stinknet

The fight against Stinknet in Saguaro National Park is one current and controversial effort. This plant may seem harmless with its bright yellow flowers, but it has severe ecological impacts. Stinknet overtakes native wildflowers and poses significant fire hazards. In collaboration with local communities and organizations, the NPS has initiated volunteer plant pulls and public reporting systems to manage its spread. However, these efforts face challenges, including public resistance to herbicide use and the sheer scale of infestation.

Citizen Science and Collaboration

The NPS encourages citizen science and community involvement in managing invasive species. Programs like New River Gorge National Park & Preserve invite volunteers to help monitor and report invasive species, contributing valuable data for effective management. Collaborative projects, such as those that restore amphibian habitats in the Southwest, highlight the innovative and cooperative approaches the NPS employs to combat these ecological threats.

Managing invasive species in national parks is a critical task that requires continuous effort and community engagement. By protecting these treasured landscapes from invasive threats, the NPS ensures that future generations can enjoy America's national parks' natural beauty and biodiversity.

For more information on how to help, visit the National Park Service Invasive Species page.

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